Sunday in the Country

原文音频

I am always very well pleased with a country Sunday, and think, if keeping holy the seventh day were only a human institution, it would be the best method that could have been thought of for the polishing and civilizing of mankind. It is certain the country people would soon degenerate into a kind of savages and barbarians, were there not such frequent returns of a stated time, in which the whole village meet together with their best faces, and in their cleanliest habits, to converse with one another upon indifferent subjects, hear their duties explained to them, and join together in adoration of the Supreme Being. Sunday clears away the rust of the whole week, not only as it refreshes in their minds the notions of religion, but as it puts both the sexes upon appearing in their most agreeable forms, and exerting all such qualities as are apt to give them a figure in the eye of the village. A country-fellow distinguishes himself as much in the Church-yard, as a citizen does upon the ‘Change, the whole parish-politicks being generally discussed in that place either after sermon or before the bell rings. My friend Sir Roger, being a good churchman, has beautified the inside of his church with several texts of his own choosing. He has likewise given a handsome pulpit-cloth, and railed in the communion-table at his own expense. He has often told me, that at his coming to his estate he found his parishioners very irregular; and that in order to make them kneel and join in their responses, he gave every one of them a hassock and a common prayer-book: and at the same time employed an itinerant singing-master, who goes about the country for that purpose, to instruct them rightly in the tunes of the Psalms; upon which they now very much value themselves, and indeed outdo most of the country churches that I have ever heard. As Sir Roger is landlord to the whole congregation, he keeps them in very good order, and will suffer (=allow) nobody to sleep in it besides himself; for if by chance he has been surprised into a short nap at sermon, upon recovering out of it he stands up and looks about him, and if he sees any body else nodding, either wakes them himself, or sends his servants to them. Several other of the old Knight's particularities break out upon these occasions. Sometimes he will be lengthening out a verse in the singing Psalms, half a minute after the rest of the congregation have done with it; sometimes, when he is pleased with the matter of his devotion, he pronounces Amen three or four times to the same prayer; and sometimes stands up when every body else is upon their knees, to count the congregation, or see if any of his tenants are missing.

I was yesterday very much surprised to hear my old friend, in the midst of the service, calling out to one John Mathews to mind what he was about, and not disturb the congregation. This John Mathews it seems is remarkable for being an idle fellow, and at that time was kicking his heels for his diversion. This authority of the Knight, though exerted in that odd manner which accompanies him in all circumstances of life, has a very good effect upon the parish, who are not polite enough to see anything ridiculous in his behavior; besides that the general good sense and worthiness of his character makes his friends observe these little singularities as foils that rather set off than blemish his good qualities. As soon as the sermon is finished, no body presumes to stir till Sir Roger is gone out of the church. The Knight walks down from his seat in the chancel between a double row of his tenants, that stand bowing to him on each side; and every now and then enquires how such an one's wife, or mother, or son, or father do, whom he does not see at church; which is understood as a secret reprimand to the person that is absent.

The chaplain has often told me, that upon a catechizing day, when Sir Roger has been pleased with a boy that answers well, he has ordered a Bible to be given him next day for his encouragement; and sometimes accompanies it with a flitch of bacon to his mother. Sir Roger has likewise added five pounds a year to the clerk's place; and that (=so that) he may encourage the young fellows to make themselves perfect in the church service, has promised upon the death of the present incumbent, who is very old, to bestow it according to merit.

The fair understanding between Sir Roger and his chaplain, and their mutual concurrence in doing good, is the more remarkable, because the very next village is famous for the differences and contentions that rise between the parson and the squire, who live in a perpetual state of war. The parson is always preaching at the squire, and the squire to be revenged on the parson never comes to church. The squire has made all his tenants atheists and tithe-stealers; while the Parson instructs them every Sunday in the dignity of his order, and insinuates to them in almost every sermon, that he is a better man than his patron. In short, matters are (=have) come to such an extremity, that the squire has not said his prayers either in public or private this half year; and that the parson threatens him, if he does not mend his manners, to pray for him in the face of the whole congregation. Feuds of this nature, though too frequent in the country, are very fatal to the ordinary people; who are so used to be dazzled with riches, that they pay as much deference to the understanding of a man of an estate, as of a man of learning; and are very hardly brought to regard any truth, how important soever it may be, that is preached to them, when they know there are several men of five hundred a year who do not believe it.

注释：

if keeping holy the seventh day were only a human institution：如果礼拜天用来供奉上帝算是一种民俗

for the polishing and civilizing of mankind：为使人类文明且有教养

a stated time：规定的时间

cleanliest habits：最整洁的衣服

indifferent subjects：无关紧要的话题

the Supreme Being：上帝

as it puts both the sexes upon appearing in their most agreeable forms, and exerting all such qualities as are apt to give them a figure in the eye of the village：无论男女，都穿戴整齐，彬彬有礼，使出浑身解数，为的是在村民眼中出一出风头

the ‘Change：交易所

parish-politicks：教区事务

texts：《圣经》铭文

railed in the communion-table：在祭坛周围装上一道栏杆，把圣桌围了起来

at his coming to his estate：初次掌管他的产业时

the responses：（礼拜仪式中会中同牧师）轮流应答（或吟唱）的祈祷文

at his coming to his estate：英国国教的祈祷书

an itinerant singing-master：一个巡回音乐教师

the Psalms：《旧约》中的赞美诗

congregation：全体教徒

if by chance he has been surprised into a short nap：如果他偶尔身不由己打了一会儿瞌睡

particularities：怪癖

the matter of his devotion：他所祈祷的内容

kicking his heels for his diversion：正踢着脚后跟消遣呢

This authority of the Knight, though exerted in that odd manner which accompanies him in all circumstances of life, has a very good effect upon the parish, who are not polite enough to see anything ridiculous in his behavior; besides that the general good sense and worthiness of his character makes his friends observe these little singularities as foils that rather set off than blemish his good qualities.：虽然无论在何种场合，爵士都是以这种古怪的方式行使权力，但对教区而言效果颇佳，会众并不十分讲究礼仪，所以对其行为并不感到滑稽可笑。加之他本人知书达理，颇有声望，朋友们都认为，这些微不足道的生活细节不但没有减色，反而大增其辉。

a catechizing day：进行交易问答的日子

a flitch of bacon：一块咸猪肉

clerk's place：教会执事的职位

the present incumbent：现任教区牧师

bestow it according to merit：根据功绩，授予职位

their mutual concurrence in doing good：他们通力合作，乐善好施

the squire：乡绅

titche-stealers：不向教会纳税的人

in the dignity of his order：以神职的尊严

patron：赞助人，指乡绅

to be dazzled with riches：被财富弄得眼花缭乱

a man of an estate：有地产的人